Twelve Thousand Years: American Indians in MaineTwelve Thousand Years: American Indians in Maine documents the generations of Native peoples who for twelve millennia have moved through and eventually settled along the rocky coast, rivers, lakes, valleys, and mountains of a region now known as Maine. Arriving first to this area were Paleo-Indian peoples, followed by maritime hunters, more immigrants, then a revival of maritime cultures. Beginning in the sixteenth century, Native peoples in northern New England became tangled in the far-reaching affairs of European explorers and colonists. Twelve Thousand Years reveals how Penobscots, Abenakis, Passamaquoddies, Maliseets, Micmacs, and other Native communities both strategically accommodated and overtly resisted European and American encroachments. Since that time, Native communities in Maine have endured, adapted when necessary, and experienced a political and cultural revitalization in recent decades. |
Contents
The Prehistoric Past | 1 |
The PaleoIndian Period | 13 |
The Archaic Period | 37 |
The Ceramic Period | 75 |
An Introduction to the Historic Past | 103 |
Early European and Native Contacts | 111 |
The Second Half of the Seventeenth Century | 129 |
The War Years | 147 |
The Era of the Mission | 171 |
Land Politics and Survival to the Present | 209 |
The Traditional Material Culture of the Native Peoples of Maine | 249 |
A38 Latenineteenth or earlytwentiethcentury | 305 |
Notes | 311 |
327 | |
355 | |
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Common terms and phrases
Abenakis Acadia Algonquian American Androscoggin Archaeology Archaic artifacts attack bark Beaver skin began bone Boston Bourque Brunswick Canada Canibas canoe Casco Bay Caughnawaga cemeteries century Champlain 1922 coast Coll Colony Covenant Chain cultural early east Eastern Indians edited England Etchemins European feafon fishing fluted points France French George governor groups Gulf of Maine Historical hunting Iroquois Island Jesuit John River Josselyn Kennebec killed King Philip's King Philip's War King William's War Lake land Lawrence mission Lescarbot lived Maine State Museum Maliseets Maritime Peninsula Massachusetts Micmacs mission villages Mohawks Moorehead Moorehead-phase Museum collection Native Norridgewock North America Northeast Nova Scotia NYCD Paleo-Indian Passamaquoddy Pemaquid Penacooks Penhallow Penobscot Pentagoet Petersen population prehistoric present-day Quebec Queen Anne's War raids region Robinson Saco sagamore Saint-Castin Sanger settlers Society Souriquois Speck Spiess Susquehanna tradition tion Toronto Press treaty tribes Turner Farm Valley Wabanaki Whitehead wigwam William York