Twelve Thousand Years: American Indians in MaineTwelve Thousand Years: American Indians in Maine documents the generations of Native peoples who for twelve millennia have moved through and eventually settled along the rocky coast, rivers, lakes, valleys, and mountains of a region now known as Maine. Arriving first to this area were Paleo-Indian peoples, followed by maritime hunters, more immigrants, then a revival of maritime cultures. Beginning in the sixteenth century, Native peoples in northern New England became tangled in the far-reaching affairs of European explorers and colonists. Twelve Thousand Years reveals how Penobscots, Abenakis, Passamaquoddies, Maliseets, Micmacs, and other Native communities both strategically accommodated and overtly resisted European and American encroachments. Since that time, Native communities in Maine have endured, adapted when necessary, and experienced a political and cultural revitalization in recent decades. |
Contents
The Prehistoric Past | 1 |
The PaleoIndian Period | 13 |
The Archaic Period | 37 |
The Ceramic Period | 75 |
An Introduction to the Historic Past | 103 |
Early European and Native Contacts | 111 |
The Second Half of the Seventeenth Century | 129 |
The War Years | 147 |
The Era of the Mission | 171 |
Land Politics and Survival to the Present | 209 |
The Traditional Material Culture of the Native Peoples of Maine | 249 |
A38 Latenineteenth or earlytwentiethcentury | 305 |
Notes | 311 |
| 327 | |
| 355 | |
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Common terms and phrases
Abenakis Acadia American apparently Archaeology Archaic artifacts attack Beaver began bone Boston Bourque called Canada canoe century Champlain chief coast Colony communities continued cultural dating early east Eastern edited England English European evidence Farm fishing force Fort France French George governor groups Gulf Historical hunting important Indians Iroquois Island James John John River Kennebec killed King Lake land late later Lawrence lived Maine Maine State Museum Maliseets Maritime Peninsula Massachusetts Micmacs mission Mohawks Museum Museum collection Native Norridgewock North North America Northeast Nova Scotia Passamaquoddy peace Penobscot period Pleistocene points population present present-day Press probably Quebec raids recent record region remained returned River Robin Hood Sanger settlements settlers side skin Society suggest tion Toronto trade tradition treaty tribes University Valley villages wood York